The phrase is originally associated with the Solomon Temple
from the First Temple Period (ca. 1000-586 BCE). Following judgement,
exile, and the destruction of the First Temple, there is announcement of a
coming restoration and rebuilding of the temple (Isa
44:24-28). Later within the context of the Book of Isaiah we find
the words, “my house shall be called a house of prayer for all peoples”
(56:7).
The second time in which the phrase appears is during the
Second Temple Period (ca. 538 BCE-70 CE). During his ministry in
Jerusalem, Jesus confronts the chief priests and the scribes saying, “Is it not
written, ‘My house shall be called a house of prayer for all the nations’? But
you have made it a den of robbers” (Mk 11:15-17). In the end this temple
was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE.
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